Railroad map of the middle states including New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Ohio and Canada drawn by G. Woolworth Colton in 1865. Between the Little Miami and Great Miami rivers on the north shore of the Ohio River, Cincinnati began as a small settlement called Losantiville in 1788. Losantiville faced the mouth of the Licking River. Its name was changed in 1790 to Cincinnati.
Construction began in 1825 on the Miami and Erie Canal. The canal began operations two years later linking Cincinnati to Middletown and then later all the way to Toledo.
Cincinnati's close proximity to the Kentucky border led to great tensions between the locals as Ohio did not allow slavery and Kentucky did. This led to riots and raids. Cincinnati housed several "Underground Railroad" stations. In 1836 a mob of about 700 anti-abolitionists attacked and raided black neighborhoods in Cincinnati.
The Little Miami Railroad began serving the Cincinnati community in 1836.
The Pennsylvania Railroad was founded in 1846 and became a major railroad system connecting Chicago and St. Louis to New York and New Jersey. Its Altoona complex employed thousands of workers and the railroad was the major Altoona industry in the late 1800's.
The year that this map was published saw the end of the Civil War. On April 9, 1865, the cannon fire and explosions heard in New York City were those of celebration.
Within one week, the city received news that President Lincoln was assassinated and the city was shaken by the sad news. A half million New Yorkers lined the route to pay their respects when the President's funeral cortege arrived on April 24th.
This map from G. Woolworth Colton's third series of railroad maps shows state and county borders with principal cities and towns. Canals and proposed railroads are indicated as well as finished railroads with their junctions and distance between.
Includes inset maps of Philadelphia and New York City.
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