Indexed map of Arizona showing the stage lines, counties, lakes & rivers. 1876 Rand, McNally & Co. railroad map of Arizona showing stage lines, roads and trails, proposed mail route and proposed railroad lines.
In 1853 the Arizona Territory was designated as part of the Territory of New Mexico when it was purchased from Mexico.
During the American Civil War the Arizona Territory was claimed by Jefferson Davis to support the Confederacy, while the New Mexico portion at the east was claimed by the Union. This division defined the two states and both earned statehood in 1912.
Phoenix, the county seat of Maricopa County, is situated in the Salt River Valley. In the 1870's it was located twenty-three miles north of Maricopa Station, by way of a branch of the Southern Pacific Railroad.
Phoenix was at the center of an extensive and fertile valley. Grain, grasses, fruits, and vegetables grew abundantly there. The soil was especially adaptive toward grape growing. A series of eight canals carried water from the Salt River to the rich reclaimed land.
The map shows Arizona in the years before statehood. It captures the territory's mountain and desert relief using hachures. Counties are indicated along with cities, towns, lakes and rivers.
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